经过前两节的操作TF卡已具备 Xillinux 操作系统启动所需的全部文件以及准备工作了，本节将对TF中的操作系统进行启动验证操作
一、准备工作
要完整的启动Xillinux操作系统（包括图形化桌面部分），请在开机之前做好下列连接准备：
- 将写入系统的TF卡插入 Smart ZYNQ SP/SP2/SL 或者 Lemon Zynq系列主板中（TF卡已按前两节的操作写入好系统）
- 通过HDMI数据线连接HDMI显示器和Smart ZYNQ SP 主板
- 外接USB键盘和USB鼠标（推荐使用 共用一个USB适配器的无线键鼠套装， 这样就不需要额外接USB HUB了）
- 一个USB HUB 扩展坞 (USB2.0 USB A接口，用于拓展USB接口用)
- 使用网线和路由器进行有线连接（如果需要访问网络的话）
- 将板子上的UART口通过TYPE C线连接到电脑（如不需要查看boot启动信息，TYPE C可以直接接连电源适配器供电）
二、上电验证
将板子的启动方式调整成SD启动，如下图所示
接下来可以对主板进行上电。 上电之后板子上的LED1亮起并周期性的呼吸闪烁，同时LED2将指示TF卡的读写状态（就像PC 的硬盘指示灯一样），如果我们的UART和电脑连接了，此时用putty等专业软件查看串口信息（波特率115200），可以看到系统已经启动，串口正在发送启动的日志信息（完整的LOG贴在本文的最后）。
与此同时HDMI显示屏也会闪过 XILLYBUS的 LOGO（持续几秒钟）
紧接着屏幕就变成了Xillinux 的启动信息
当系统出现root@localhost:~# 就代表系统已经成功启动了（HDMI 和 UART都会同时输出root@localhost:~#）
要想开启图形化桌面，我们只需要在与主板连接的键盘上敲下startx 命令，并按下回车键
如果一切顺利的话，几秒钟后你就能看到完整的Xillinux 桌面
网络部分的验证
如果主板此时通过网络和路由器连接，此时可以打开桌面上的LXTerminal终端，输入ifconfig 命令来查看网络信息: 如下图所示，系统已自动获取IP 192.168.1.113
此时可以尝试ping路由器的ip，如果能ping通证明网络功能一切正常。
至此，我们的Xillinux 图形化桌面也已经启动完成，你可以在Xillinux操作系统上尽情的尝试各种好玩的应用了。 后续会整理更多的文档， 大家可以先自行摸索功能
boot 期间 UART 输出的启动信息（Smart ZYNQ SP输出），仅供参考。如果boot 启动失败，可以通过错误消息查出哪个阶段出了问题，以及可能的原因。
U-Boot 2013.07 (Sep 06 2023 - 12:47:37) Detected device ID code 0x7 (XC7Z020) with 2 CPU(s), PS_VERSION = 3 Strapped boot mode: 5 (SD Card) Memory: ECC disabled DRAM: 512 MiB MMC: zynq_sdhci: 0 Using default environment In: serial Out: serial Err: serial Net: Gem.e000b000 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 Device: zynq_sdhci Manufacturer ID: 3 OEM: 5344 Name: SN64G Tran Speed: 50000000 Rd Block Len: 512 SD version 3.0 High Capacity: Yes Capacity: 59.5 GiB Bus Width: 4-bit Booting Xillinux... reading xillydemo.bit 4045669 bytes read in 298 ms (12.9 MiB/s) design filename = "xillydemo;UserID=0XFFFFFFFF;Version=2018.3" part number = "7z020clg484" date = "2023/10/12" time = "00:23:04" bytes in bitstream = 4045564 zynq_load: Align buffer at 100069 to 100080(swap 1) reading uImage 4487984 bytes read in 326 ms (13.1 MiB/s) reading devicetree.dtb 9744 bytes read in 16 ms (594.7 KiB/s) ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 03000000 ... Image Name: Linux-4.4.30-xillinux-2.0 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 4487920 Bytes = 4.3 MiB Load Address: 00008000 Entry Point: 00008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 02a00000 Booting using the fdt blob at 0x2a00000 Loading Kernel Image ... OK Loading Device Tree to 1fb51000, end 1fb5660f ... OK Starting kernel ... [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct [ 0.000000] Linux version 4.4.30-xillinux-2.0 (eli@ruhe) (gcc version 4.7.3 (Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2013.05-40) ) #1 SMP PREEMPT Tue Oct 3 12:03:35 IDT 2023 () [ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [413fc090] revision 0 (ARMv7), cr=18c5387d [ 0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache [ 0.000000] Machine model: Xilinx Zynq [ 0.000000] bootconsole [earlycon0] enabled [ 0.000000] cma: Reserved 16 MiB at 0x1e800000 [ 0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writealloc [ 0.000000] PERCPU: Embedded 12 pages/cpu @dfb39000 s18880 r8192 d22080 u49152 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 129920 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyPS0,115200n8 console=tty0 consoleblank=0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait earlyprintk [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.000000] Memory: 493232K/524288K available (6155K kernel code, 294K rwdata, 2192K rodata, 312K init, 472K bss, 14672K reserved, 16384K cma-reserved, 0K highmem) [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xffc00000 - 0xfff00000 (3072 kB) [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xe0800000 - 0xff800000 ( 496 MB) [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xe0000000 ( 512 MB) [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB) [ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB) [ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc082f0cc (8349 kB) [ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0830000 - 0xc087e000 ( 312 kB) [ 0.000000] .data : 0xc087e000 - 0xc08c7840 ( 295 kB) [ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc08c7840 - 0xc093da38 ( 473 kB) [ 0.000000] Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation. [ 0.000000] Build-time adjustment of leaf fanout to 32. [ 0.000000] RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=4 to nr_cpu_ids=2. [ 0.000000] RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=32, nr_cpu_ids=2 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:16 nr_irqs:16 16 [ 0.000000] slcr mapped to e0800000 [ 0.000000] L2C: platform modifies aux control register: 0x72360000 -> 0x72760000 [ 0.000000] L2C: DT/platform modifies aux control register: 0x72360000 -> 0x72760000 [ 0.000000] L2C-310 erratum 769419 enabled [ 0.000000] L2C-310 enabling early BRESP for Cortex-A9 [ 0.000000] L2C-310 full line of zeros enabled for Cortex-A9 [ 0.000000] L2C-310 ID prefetch enabled, offset 1 lines [ 0.000000] L2C-310 dynamic clock gating enabled, standby mode enabled [ 0.000000] L2C-310 cache controller enabled, 8 ways, 512 kB [ 0.000000] L2C-310: CACHE_ID 0x410000c8, AUX_CTRL 0x76760001 [ 0.000000] zynq_clock_init: clkc starts at e0800100 [ 0.000000] Zynq clock init [ 0.000000] clocksource: ttc_clocksource: mask: 0xffff max_cycles: 0xffff, max_idle_ns: 537538477 ns [ 0.000000] sched_clock: 16 bits at 54kHz, resolution 18432ns, wraps every 603975816ns [ 0.007999] ps7-ttc #0 at e0808000, irq=17 [ 0.012266] sched_clock: 64 bits at 333MHz, resolution 3ns, wraps every 4398046511103ns [ 0.020216] clocksource: arm_global_timer: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x4ce07af025, max_idle_ns: 440795209040 ns [ 0.031581] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 [ 0.035939] console [tty0] enabled [ 0.039409] bootconsole [earlycon0] disabled [ 0.043772] Calibrating delay loop... 1332.01 BogoMIPS (lpj=6660096) [ 0.130884] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.131011] Security Framework initialized [ 0.131030] Yama: becoming mindful. [ 0.131109] AppArmor: AppArmor initialized [ 0.131170] Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.131195] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.131940] Initializing cgroup subsys io [ 0.131971] Initializing cgroup subsys memory [ 0.132017] Initializing cgroup subsys devices [ 0.132046] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer [ 0.132070] Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls [ 0.132092] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event [ 0.132116] Initializing cgroup subsys net_prio [ 0.132138] Initializing cgroup subsys pids [ 0.132192] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok [ 0.132473] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 0, mpidr 80000000 [ 0.132540] Setting up static identity map for 0x82c0 - 0x82f4 [ 0.310868] CPU1: thread -1, cpu 1, socket 0, mpidr 80000001 [ 0.310971] Brought up 2 CPUs [ 0.311009] SMP: Total of 2 processors activated (2664.03 BogoMIPS). [ 0.311027] CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode. [ 0.312027] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.314718] evm: security.selinux [ 0.314740] evm: security.SMACK64 [ 0.314754] evm: security.SMACK64EXEC [ 0.314767] evm: security.SMACK64TRANSMUTE [ 0.314781] evm: security.SMACK64MMAP [ 0.314811] evm: security.ima [ 0.314830] evm: security.capability [ 0.315267] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 30 variant 9 rev 4 [ 0.315652] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns [ 0.316852] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem [ 0.318169] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.320224] DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations [ 0.323724] zynq_gpio e000a000.ps7-gpio: This is the Xillinux-1.3 compliant legacy GPIO driver. [ 0.324321] zynq_gpio e000a000.ps7-gpio: gpio at 0xe000a000 mapped to 0xe0814000 [ 0.329305] hw-breakpoint: found 5 (+1 reserved) breakpoint and 1 watchpoint registers. [ 0.329365] hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 4 bytes. [ 0.373764] vgaarb: loaded [ 0.376322] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.376838] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.376970] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.377123] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.377484] media: Linux media interface: v0.10 [ 0.377592] Linux video capture interface: v2.00 [ 0.377760] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered [ 0.377790] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@linux.it> [ 0.377878] PTP clock support registered [ 0.381515] EDAC MC: Ver: 3.0.0 [ 0.392727] NetLabel: Initializing [ 0.392768] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 [ 0.392791] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 [ 0.392871] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default [ 0.393287] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arm_global_timer [ 0.394041] AppArmor: AppArmor Filesystem Enabled [ 0.407842] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.408648] TCP established hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.408744] TCP bind hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.408853] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 4096 bind 4096) [ 0.408934] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.408986] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.409251] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.410060] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module. [ 0.410102] RPC: Registered udp transport module. [ 0.410126] RPC: Registered tcp transport module. [ 0.410150] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module. [ 0.410854] hw perfevents: enabled with armv7_cortex_a9 PMU driver, 7 counters available [ 0.412364] futex hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.412533] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled) [ 0.412615] audit: type=2000 audit(0.370:1): initialized [ 0.413142] Initialise system trusted keyring [ 0.414010] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0 [ 0.414114] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.414531] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher [ 0.415344] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type [ 0.415418] Key type id_resolver registered [ 0.415444] Key type id_legacy registered [ 0.415490] nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering... [ 0.415598] jffs2: version 2.2. (NAND) (SUMMARY) © 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc. [ 0.416085] Allocating IMA MOK and blacklist keyrings. [ 0.417785] Key type asymmetric registered [ 0.417834] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered [ 0.417980] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 248) [ 0.428203] io scheduler noop registered [ 0.428249] io scheduler deadline registered (default) [ 0.428310] io scheduler cfq registered [ 0.459811] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 128x48 [ 0.488811] e0000000.serial: ttyPS0 at MMIO 0xe0000000 (irq = 158, base_baud = 3125000) is a xuartps [ 1.282755] console [ttyPS0] enabled [ 1.287175] xdevcfg f8007000.ps7-dev-cfg: ioremap 0xf8007000 to e0874000 [ 1.310276] brd: module loaded [ 1.320905] loop: module loaded [ 1.334779] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed [ 1.340373] libphy: MACB_mii_bus: probed [ 1.483437] macb e000b000.ps7-ethernet eth0: Cadence GEM rev 0x00020118 at 0xe000b000 irq 31 (00:0a:35:00:01:22) [ 1.493971] macb e000b000.ps7-ethernet eth0: attached PHY driver [Generic PHY] (mii_bus:phy_addr=e000b000.ps7-eth:00, irq=-1) [ 1.505638] macb e000b000.ps7-ethernet eth0: Talking to gmii_to_rgmii at MDIO address 8 [ 1.515227] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver [ 1.521938] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver [ 1.526585] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver [ 1.539243] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver [ 1.552702] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver [ 1.564409] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver [ 1.576981] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver [ 1.590838] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 1.604747] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice [ 1.618404] i2c /dev entries driver [ 1.630400] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3 [ 1.642624] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.34.0-ioctl (2015-10-28) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com [ 1.658605] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver [ 1.672237] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman [ 1.684009] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper [ 1.698726] sdhci-arasan e0100000.ps7-sdio: No vmmc regulator found [ 1.712530] sdhci-arasan e0100000.ps7-sdio: No vqmmc regulator found [ 1.763346] mmc0: SDHCI controller on e0100000.ps7-sdio [e0100000.ps7-sdio] using ADMA [ 1.783560] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs [ 1.798163] Key type dns_resolver registered [ 1.810262] zynq_pm_ioremap: no compatible node found for 'xlnx,zynq-ddrc-a05' [ 1.827281] zynq_pm_late_init: Unable to map DDRC IO memory. [ 1.842706] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler [ 1.860130] registered taskstats version 1 [ 1.871829] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates [ 1.885630] Key type encrypted registered [ 1.897302] AppArmor: AppArmor sha1 policy hashing enabled [ 1.910376] ima: No TPM chip found, activating TPM-bypass! [ 1.923480] evm: HMAC attrs: 0x1 [ 1.934460] hctosys: unable to open rtc device (rtc0) [ 1.952483] md: Waiting for all devices to be available before autodetect [ 1.967029] md: If you don't use raid, use raid=noautodetect [ 1.981481] md: Autodetecting RAID arrays. [ 1.993122] md: Scanned 0 and added 0 devices. [ 2.004919] md: autorun ... [ 2.014923] md: ... autorun DONE. [ 2.025535] Waiting for root device /dev/mmcblk0p2... [ 2.045636] mmc0: new high speed SDXC card at address aaaa [ 2.059025] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SN64G 59.5 GiB [ 2.072352] mmcblk0: p1 p2 [ 2.144062] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): couldn't mount as ext3 due to feature incompatibilities [ 2.160042] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): couldn't mount as ext2 due to feature incompatibilities [ 2.506238] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): recovery complete [ 2.518939] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 2.533976] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) on device 179:2. [ 2.548069] devtmpfs: mounted [ 2.558202] Freeing unused kernel memory: 312K (c0830000 - c087e000) [ 2.767388] systemd[1]: System time before build time, advancing clock. [ 2.878306] NET: Registered protocol family 10 [ 2.918590] random: systemd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read, 20 bits of entropy available) [ 2.937475] random: systemd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read, 20 bits of entropy available) [ 2.962112] systemd[1]: systemd 229 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ -LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD -IDN) [ 2.995587] systemd[1]: Detected architecture arm. [ 3.032414] systemd[1]: Set hostname to <localhost.localdomain>. [ 3.111729] random: systemd-gpt-aut: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read, 21 bits of entropy available) [ 3.135121] random: systemd-cryptse: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read, 21 bits of entropy available) [ 3.156625] random: systemd-gpt-aut: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read, 22 bits of entropy available) [ 3.174028] random: systemd-sysv-ge: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read, 22 bits of entropy available) ▒+HH▒▒4.500974] systemd[1]: Started Journal Service.les.nel File Systems. nodes for the current kernel....lable) Ubuntu 16.04 LTS localhost.localdomain ttyPS0 localhost login: root (automatic login) Last login: Thu Feb 11 16:28:16 UTC 2016 on tty1 Welcome to the Xillinux-2.0 distribution for Xilinx Zynq. You may communicate data with standard FPGA FIFOs in the logic fabric by writing to or reading from the /dev/xillybus_* device files. Additional pipe files of that sort can be set up with a custom Xillybus IP core. For more information: http://www.xillybus.com. To start a graphical X-Windows session, type "startx" at shell prompt. root@localhost:~#